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14

King Artaxerxes’ decree to Trans-Euphrates Treasurers

Ezra 7: 21-28

  • Session: 14
  • Week: 2
  • Day: 7
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Introduction

In this session, Ezra 7:21-28, we focus on understanding the second decree made by King Artaxerxes and recorded in the cover letter given to Ezra, who led the second wave of exiles returning to Jerusalem 57 years after the temple was completed and dedicated. The decree or order instructed all the treasurers of the Trans-Euphrates to provide whatever Ezra the priest needed for rebuilding the community within the stronghold, and not the tax from the spiritual leaders of the community—priests, Levites, musicians, gatekeepers, temple servants, and other workers in the house of the Lord. Ezra was supposed to prioritize the installation of teachers with knowledge of the law of the Lord. Those who did not obey the law of the Lord were to be punished severely.

We earlier noted that Ezra arrived in Jerusalem approximately 57 to 60 years after the second temple was completed and dedicated in 516/515 B.C. While the temple dedication occurred at the end of Ezra chapter 6, Ezra’s journey, detailed in Ezra 7, took place around 458–455 B.C. during the reign of Artaxerxes. Ezra led the second wave of exiles to Jerusalem in 458 B.C. or 455 B.C.

The gap between Ezra chapters 6 and 7 spans over half a century (approximately 57–60 years) and includes the events in the Book of Esther. Ezra returned with the goal of rebuilding the community—individuals, marriages, parenting, and fellowship—focusing on spiritual restoration through teaching the Torah or the Law of Moses after the physical rebuilding of the temple.

In John 1:14-18, Jesus returned with the same purpose as Ezra—“God’s my helper.” Jesus, however

Objectives

By the end of this session, the learner will have:

  • Understood the meaning of the terms decree, declare, and demand in relation to the kingdom of God and the government of the day.
  • Identified at least three instructions the King of Persia asked the Trans-Euphrates treasurer to follow.
  • Appreciated God’s favor for the temple workers by exempting them from taxes.

Outline

  • Second decree of King Artaxerxes to Trans-Euphrates treasurers
  • Temple workers exempted from tax payments
  • Decree for defaulters

Group Study Time

Ezra 7: 21-28

Connecting

  • Gather with two or more people for a community discovery bible study session.
  • Start with a heartfelt prayer, inviting God to guide and bless your understanding.
  • Explore the passage by reading it at least twice, using different Bible versions if available, then retell the story together as a group.
  • Reflect and share the challenges and blessings you experienced from the previous study.

Comprehending

  • Read Ezra 7: 21-24. Identify at least three instructions or pieces of guidance in the decree written by King Artaxerxes concerning the Trans-Euphrates treasurer.
  • Read Ezra 7: 25-26. What instructions were given to Ezra the priest? Discuss the four punishments for those who will not obey both the law of God and the law of the King.
  • Read Ezra 7: 27-28. What did Ezra the priest praise the Lord for?
  • What lessons did you learn about decrees and declarations?

Committing

  • Engage with the Bible—read, study, memorize, meditate, pray, listen, and live it out.
  • List three lessons you have learnt as an agent of change that you would like to put into practice and teach others about.
  • Take time and worship Jesus with the attributes revealed about Christ.
  • Use the SPACEPETS model, to assist you in putting God’s word into practice. Look for:
    • Sin to confess
    • Promise to claim
    • Attitude to change
    • Command to keep
    • Error to change
    • Prayer to make
    • Example to copy
    • Truth to obey and
    • Something praiseworthy

Communicating

  • Identify one person you can connect with and share the valuable insights and lessons you gained from this session.
  • Reach out to a new believer—either in person or by phone—and pray with them to support them through their challenges, including any concerns about attending church.
  • Create a new group and guide others through this study to help them grow in their understanding.
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How to use these studies

These lessons are designed as short, 25-minute studies based on Bible truths, and meant for self-learning or small group study. The study sets systematically cover different books of the Bible. 

Each lesson follows a simple structure:

  • Introduction (Including the outline and objectives)
  • Step 1: Connecting
  • Step 2: Comprehending
  • Step 3: Committing
  • Step 4: Communicating

These sections include questions to help you reflect on the bible passage and how it applies to your life. 

Use these lessons to disciple others by journeying together over time and allowing God’s word to penetrate your heart and bring transforming change to your life. As a leader, pray for wisdom in leading and for modelling the truths in your own life.

Sharing offline

  • Mobile Friendly PDF
  • Print Friendly PDF
  • Full Study PDF

Each lesson has three buttons allowing you to download a easily saveable and shareable PDF version of the study. You can choose either a Mobile-friendly PDF version, and Print-friendly PDF version, or a print version of the Full Study PDF (for example all the lessons in the current book of the Bible).

These are free and can be easily copied and shared from one person to another!

Gathering a Small Group

Start small to build a safe space for sharing and growth.

  • Pray first: Ask God to show you 3-6 people who need encouragement in faith, like family, neighbors, or fellow believers facing hardship.
  • Invite personally: Meet one-on-one, explain how the lessons are designed to help people grow in their faith and knowledge of God and his Word.
  • Keep it simple: Meet in a home or quiet spot; no need for fancy setup – just willing hearts.
  • Aim for consistency: Suggest weekly meetings, but be flexible for busy lives or safety concerns in persecuted areas.

Trust helps everyone open up, reflect, and apply truths without fear.

  • Start with sharing: In the first meeting, share simple stories of your own faith struggles to show vulnerability.
  • Set ground rules: Agree to listen without judging, keep stories private, and focus on encouraging each other.
  • Build bonds: Begin each session with a short prayer or song inviting God to be present with you.
  • Be patient: Trust grows over time – encourage quiet members gently, and celebrate small steps of honesty.

Good preparation makes the lesson flow and helps discipleship.

  • Read ahead: Study the lesson before; pray over the Bible passage and think how it fits your group’s challenges.
  • Adapt for the group: Use simple words; if literacy is low, read aloud slowly and explain questions or stories.
  • Gather basics: Have a Bible (in your language) and paper for notes.
  • Reflect personally: Ask yourself the study questions first – lead from your own growth and experience.
  • Pray: Pray for your group members.

Guide the group through the lesson structure to encourage discovery and commitment.

  • Step 1 – Connecting: Start the group meeting by praying together. Thank God for his Word and ask for open hearts to receive it. Read the Bible passage together (Read it aloud twice; ask someone to repeat in their words.)
  • Step 2: Comprehending: Use the provided questions to help you grapple with the truth of the Bible passage.
  • Step 3 – Committing: Consider how the passage might apply to your lives and what simple steps of obedience you can commit to. The goal of these studies if life-change! Not just knowledge!
  • Step 4 – Communicating:  Think of who you can share the truths you have learned with.
  • Close with Prayer: Let group members pray short prayers of thanks or commitment. Pray for one another.

For many of the lessons, there is a short summary teaching voice-note at the end of the lesson (together with a text summary). This is designed to be a recap and reminder of the key lessons you should have learned through the lesson. 

As a leader, you might like to use these summary teaching resources to help you in preparation for leading your group, though ideally not before you have spent time prayerfully reflecting on the passage.

This is an ongoing discipleship journey aiming to transform lives and help people to live victorious Christian lives. Focus on growth, not just finishing lessons.

  • Meet regularly: Join together at least once a week. Review past actions at each start to build accountability.
  • Encourage reflection: Between meetings, urge personal time with the lesson – read, pray, and try complete commitments made.
  • Support one another: If your group members are facing challenges, use lessons to pray together and share burdens; become “agents of change” by helping others in your community.
  • Multiply groups: As trust grows, encourage members to start their own small groups with family or friends.
  • Keep it short: Stick to 15 – 25 minutes per lesson to fit busy, challenging lives.
  • Handle challenges: If fear or hardship arise, encourage members by always pointing back to God’s love. 
  • Stay safe: In persecuted areas, meet discreetly; focus on heart change over big displays.
  • Celebrate progress: Note how people have grown in faith; allow time for sharing testimonies of what God has done. Take note of what you pray for, and give thanks when God answers prayer.

Final encouragement

Leading these lessons is serving like Jesus – humble, loving, and truthful. As you journey together, God will build growing faith into each person’s life. Pray often, and watch lives transform!

If you would like to share stories of faith from your own communities, please get in touch with us!