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Winning self-righteous Jewish believers

Romans 2: 17-29

  • Session: 4
  • Week: 1
  • Day: 4
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Introduction

In this session, Roman 2: 17-29. We focus on the Jewish believers’ unrighteous judgements or decisions of superiority and entitlement on the table over their Greek brother. To understand this session, we need to imagine what table life was like between the firstborn son and the prodigal son after he returned home in Luke 15: 11-32. The father had accepted the prodigal son, while the firstborn son judged his brother and condemned him. The words spoken here could fit very well the words the father of the two sons said to the firstborn son concerning the Jewish son’s superiority perception and how that perception affected the Gentile son

Objectives

By the end of this session, the learner will have:

  • Listed the Jewish* brother’s claims over his Gentile brother
  • Reflected on Luke 15: 11-32, on how the table life was after the prodigal son returned home
  • Discussed Jews’ mentality of superiority and entitlement on the table of God’s kindness.

Outline

  • Hostilities among siblings
  • Jews unrighteous judgement,
  • Jews’ mentality of superiority and entitlement on the table of God’s kindness.

Group Study Time

Romans 2: 17-29

Connecting

  • Gather with two or more people for a community discovery bible study session.
  • Start with a heartfelt prayer, inviting God to guide and bless your understanding.
  • Explore the passage by reading it at least twice, using different Bible versions if available, then retell the story together as a group.
  • Reflect and share the challenges and blessings you experienced from the previous study.

Comprehending

  • Read Romans 2: 17-20. List at least 5 Jewish believers’ “things (unrighteous judgements or decisions they) claimed to have over their Gentile brother.
  • Read Romans 2: 21-24. What did they claim to do but did the opposite? (hypocrisy)? What was the negative result of the gentile believers because of their hypocritical decisions?
  • Read Romans 2: 25-29. What is the father’s proposed criteria for making a decision or judgment for the Jewish son?

Committing

  • Engage with the Bible—read, study, memorize, meditate, pray, listen, and live it out.
  • List three lessons you have learnt as an agent of change that you would like to put into practice and teach others about.
  • Take time and worship Jesus with the attributes revealed about Christ.
  • Use the SPACEPETS model, to assist you in putting God’s word into practice. Look for:
    • Sin to confess
    • Promise to claim
    • Attitude to change
    • Command to keep
    • Error to change
    • Prayer to make
    • Example to copy
    • Truth to obey and
    • Something praiseworthy

Communicating

  • Identify one person you can connect with and share the valuable insights and lessons you gained from this session.
  • Reach out to a new believer—either in person or by phone—and pray with them to support them through their challenges, including any concerns about attending church.
  • Create a new group and guide others through this study to help them grow in their understanding.

Post Lesson Teaching Summary

Great job completing the study! Take a moment to listen to this summary to reinforce your group’s understanding of the text and ensure you’re all on the same page. We’re here to support your learning journey!

Winning self-righteous Jewish believers

Romans 2: 17-29

Romans 2:17-29

  • Context:
    • Examines the Jewish believer’s mindset, likened to the firstborn son in the Prodigal Son parable (Luke 15), exploring their sense of superiority over Gentiles (the prodigal).
    • Romans 2:17-29 critiques unrighteous Jewish judgments—entitlement, pride—contrasting with God’s call to bless others.
  • Jewish Mentality:
    • Jews felt superior due to being chosen first, boasting of a special relationship with God, yet forgot Abraham’s call to bless nations (Genesis 12:1-3).
    • Misinterpreted privileges (law, circumcision) as marks of entitlement rather than tools to reach Gentiles, suppressing God’s truth by inaction.
  • Three Sources of Superiority (Romans 2:17-20):
      1. Special Relationship: Boasted in God’s law and covenant (v. 17), ignoring its purpose to bless others.
      2. Knowledge of the Law: Taught right from wrong but used it to judge, not guide (v. 18-19).
      3. Role as Guides: Saw themselves as lights to the blind and teachers of the ignorant, yet failed to lead Gentiles to God (v. 19-20).
  • Rebuke for Hypocrisy (Romans 2:21-24):
    • Paul challenges: “You teach others but not yourself—stealing, committing adultery, dishonoring God despite knowing the law” (v. 21-23).
    • Result: Gentiles blaspheme God because of Jewish hypocrisy, thwarting their mission (v. 24).
  • True Value of Circumcision (Romans 2:25-29):
    • Circumcision holds value only with obedience; disobedience renders Jews no better than uncircumcised Gentiles (v. 25).
    • Obedient Gentiles, without the law, condemn disobedient Jews—true circumcision is of the heart, not flesh (v. 26-29).
  • Application:
    • Privileges (law, calling) don’t justify superiority; failing to obey God’s purpose suppresses truth, akin to Gentile sin (Romans 1:18-32). Humility, not pride, aligns with God’s righteous intent.
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How to use these studies

These lessons are designed as short, 25-minute studies based on Bible truths, and meant for self-learning or small group study. The study sets systematically cover different books of the Bible. 

Each lesson follows a simple structure:

  • Introduction (Including the outline and objectives)
  • Step 1: Connecting
  • Step 2: Comprehending
  • Step 3: Committing
  • Step 4: Communicating

These sections include questions to help you reflect on the bible passage and how it applies to your life. 

Use these lessons to disciple others by journeying together over time and allowing God’s word to penetrate your heart and bring transforming change to your life. As a leader, pray for wisdom in leading and for modelling the truths in your own life.

Sharing offline

  • Mobile Friendly PDF
  • Print Friendly PDF
  • Full Study PDF

Each lesson has three buttons allowing you to download a easily saveable and shareable PDF version of the study. You can choose either a Mobile-friendly PDF version, and Print-friendly PDF version, or a print version of the Full Study PDF (for example all the lessons in the current book of the Bible).

These are free and can be easily copied and shared from one person to another!

Gathering a Small Group

Start small to build a safe space for sharing and growth.

  • Pray first: Ask God to show you 3-6 people who need encouragement in faith, like family, neighbors, or fellow believers facing hardship.
  • Invite personally: Meet one-on-one, explain how the lessons are designed to help people grow in their faith and knowledge of God and his Word.
  • Keep it simple: Meet in a home or quiet spot; no need for fancy setup – just willing hearts.
  • Aim for consistency: Suggest weekly meetings, but be flexible for busy lives or safety concerns in persecuted areas.

Trust helps everyone open up, reflect, and apply truths without fear.

  • Start with sharing: In the first meeting, share simple stories of your own faith struggles to show vulnerability.
  • Set ground rules: Agree to listen without judging, keep stories private, and focus on encouraging each other.
  • Build bonds: Begin each session with a short prayer or song inviting God to be present with you.
  • Be patient: Trust grows over time – encourage quiet members gently, and celebrate small steps of honesty.

Good preparation makes the lesson flow and helps discipleship.

  • Read ahead: Study the lesson before; pray over the Bible passage and think how it fits your group’s challenges.
  • Adapt for the group: Use simple words; if literacy is low, read aloud slowly and explain questions or stories.
  • Gather basics: Have a Bible (in your language) and paper for notes.
  • Reflect personally: Ask yourself the study questions first – lead from your own growth and experience.
  • Pray: Pray for your group members.

Guide the group through the lesson structure to encourage discovery and commitment.

  • Step 1 – Connecting: Start the group meeting by praying together. Thank God for his Word and ask for open hearts to receive it. Read the Bible passage together (Read it aloud twice; ask someone to repeat in their words.)
  • Step 2: Comprehending: Use the provided questions to help you grapple with the truth of the Bible passage.
  • Step 3 – Committing: Consider how the passage might apply to your lives and what simple steps of obedience you can commit to. The goal of these studies if life-change! Not just knowledge!
  • Step 4 – Communicating:  Think of who you can share the truths you have learned with.
  • Close with Prayer: Let group members pray short prayers of thanks or commitment. Pray for one another.

For many of the lessons, there is a short summary teaching voice-note at the end of the lesson (together with a text summary). This is designed to be a recap and reminder of the key lessons you should have learned through the lesson. 

As a leader, you might like to use these summary teaching resources to help you in preparation for leading your group, though ideally not before you have spent time prayerfully reflecting on the passage.

This is an ongoing discipleship journey aiming to transform lives and help people to live victorious Christian lives. Focus on growth, not just finishing lessons.

  • Meet regularly: Join together at least once a week. Review past actions at each start to build accountability.
  • Encourage reflection: Between meetings, urge personal time with the lesson – read, pray, and try complete commitments made.
  • Support one another: If your group members are facing challenges, use lessons to pray together and share burdens; become “agents of change” by helping others in your community.
  • Multiply groups: As trust grows, encourage members to start their own small groups with family or friends.
  • Keep it short: Stick to 15 – 25 minutes per lesson to fit busy, challenging lives.
  • Handle challenges: If fear or hardship arise, encourage members by always pointing back to God’s love. 
  • Stay safe: In persecuted areas, meet discreetly; focus on heart change over big displays.
  • Celebrate progress: Note how people have grown in faith; allow time for sharing testimonies of what God has done. Take note of what you pray for, and give thanks when God answers prayer.

Final encouragement

Leading these lessons is serving like Jesus – humble, loving, and truthful. As you journey together, God will build growing faith into each person’s life. Pray often, and watch lives transform!

If you would like to share stories of faith from your own communities, please get in touch with us!